Ho'āʻo SARS-COV-2

Mai Kekemapa 2019, ua laha ka COVID-19 e ka Acute respiratory Syndrome (SARS) a puni ka honua.ʻO ka maʻi maʻi e hoʻoiho nei i ka COVID-19 ʻo SARS-COV-2, kahi maʻi maʻi RNA strand hoʻokahi i pili i ka ʻohana coronaviruses.He spherical a oval paha ka β coronavirus, 60-120 nm ke anawaena, a he pleomorphic pinepine.No ka mea he ʻano convex ka Envelope o kahi maʻi e hiki ke hoʻonui i nā ʻaoʻao āpau a me ke ʻano he corolla, ua kapa ʻia ʻo ia he coronavirus.Loaʻa iā ia kahi capsule, a ua māhele ʻia ʻo S (Spike protein), M (Membrane protein), M (matrix protein) a me E (Envelope protein) ma ka capsule.Aia i loko o ka envelope ka RNA paʻa i ka N (Nucleocapsid protein).ʻO ka protein S oSARS-COV-2loaʻa nā ʻāpana S1 a me S2.Hoʻokomo ʻia ka ʻāpana receptor-binding domain (RBD) o ka subunit S1 i ka maʻi SARS-COV-2 ma o ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i ka angiotensin hoʻololi i ka enzyme 2 (ACE2) ma ka ʻili pūnaewele.

Hiki ke hoʻouna ʻia ʻo Sars-cov-2 mai ke kanaka a i ke kanaka a ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi ma mua o ka sarS-COV, ka mea i puka mai i ka makahiki 2003. Hoʻouna nui ʻia ia e nā kulu hanu a me ka pilina pili kanaka, a hiki ke hoʻouna ʻia e ka aerosol inā aia ma kahi kaiapuni me ka ea maikai no ka manawa loihi.He maʻi maʻamau ka poʻe i ka maʻi, a ʻo ka manawa incubation he 1 a 14 mau lā, ʻo ka hapa nui he 3 a 3 mau lā.Ma hope o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka maʻi coronavirus hou, e ulu ana nā maʻi maʻalahi o COVID-19 i nā hōʻailona nui o ke kuni a me ka ʻū maloʻo.He maʻi maʻi nui loa ka COVID-19 a lele loa i nā pae asymptomatic o ka maʻi.Hiki i ka maʻi maʻi Sars-cov-2 ke hoʻoulu i ke kuni, ka ʻū maloʻo, ka luhi a me nā hōʻailona ʻē aʻe.Hoʻokumu pinepine nā maʻi koʻikoʻi i ka dyspnea a me / a i ʻole hypoxemia 1 pule ma hope o ka hoʻomaka ʻana, a hiki i nā mea maʻi koʻikoʻi ke alakaʻi i ka maʻi ʻeha hanu acute, coagulopathy a me ka hāʻule ʻole o nā kinona.

No ka mea he maʻi lele a make loa ka sarS-COV-2, wikiwiki, pololei a maʻalahi hoʻi nā ala diagnostic no ka ʻike ʻana i ka SARS-COV-2 a me ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o nā poʻe maʻi (me ka poʻe maʻi asymptomatic) ʻo ia ke kī i ka ʻike ʻana i ke kumu o ka maʻi. kaulahao hoʻoili o ka maʻi a me ka pale ʻana a me ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi ahulau.

POCT, ʻike ʻia ʻo ka ʻenehana ʻike ʻaoʻao moe a i ʻole ka ʻenehana ʻike manawa maoli, he ʻano ʻano hana ʻike i hana ʻia ma ka wahi hoʻohālike a hiki ke loaʻa koke i nā hopena ʻike ma o ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea analytical portable.Ma ka ʻōlelo o ka ʻike pathogen, loaʻa i ka POCT nā mea maikaʻi o ka wikiwiki ʻike wikiwiki a ʻaʻohe palena o ka pūnaewele i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā ʻano ʻike kuʻuna.ʻAʻole hiki i ka POCT ke wikiwiki wale i ka ʻike ʻana o COVID-19, akā pale pū kekahi i ka pilina ma waena o nā limahana ʻike a me nā mea maʻi a hōʻemi i ka hopena o ka maʻi.I kēia manawa,Hoʻāʻo COVID-19ʻO nā pūnaewele ma Kina ka nui o nā halemai a me nā keʻena hoʻāʻo ʻekolu, a pono nā limahana hoʻāʻo e lawe pololei i nā laʻana i mua o ka poʻe e hoʻāʻo ʻia.ʻOiai nā hana palekana, hoʻonui ka laʻana mai ka mea maʻi i ka pilikia o ka maʻi no ka mea e hoʻāʻo iā ia.No laila, ua hoʻomohala kūikawā kā mākou hui i kahi pahu no ka poʻe e hoʻāʻo i ka home, nona nā pono o ka ʻike wikiwiki, ka hana maʻalahi, a me ka ʻike ma ka home, ke kahua a me nā wahi ʻē aʻe me ka ʻole o nā kūlana pale biosafety.

ʻO ka ʻenehana nui i hoʻohana ʻia ʻo ka ʻenehana immunochromatography, ʻike ʻia hoʻi ʻo Lateral Flow assay (LFA), kahi ala ʻike wikiwiki i alakaʻi ʻia e ka hana capillary.Ma ke ʻano he ʻenehana ʻike wikiwiki ʻana, he hana maʻalahi, ka manawa pane pōkole a me nā hopena paʻa.ʻO ka mea ʻelele he colloidal gula immunochromatography pepa (GLFA), ka mea maʻamau e pili ana i ka hāpana pad, ka pad paʻa, ke kiʻiʻoniʻoni nitrocellulose (NC) a me ka pad absorption wai, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. paʻa ke kiʻiʻoniʻoni me ka hopu antibody.Ma hope o ka hoʻohui ʻia ʻana o ka hāpana i ka pad hāpana, kahe ia ma ka pad hoʻopaʻa a me ke kiʻiʻoniʻoni NC successively ma lalo o ka hana o ka capillary, a hiki i ka pad absorbent.Ke kahe ka hāpana ma ka paʻa paʻa, e hoʻopaʻa ʻia ka mea e ana ʻia i loko o ka hāpana me ka antibody lepili gula;Ke kahe ka hāpana ma ka membrane NC, ua hopu ʻia ka hāpana e hoʻāʻo ʻia e ka antibody i hopu ʻia, a ʻike ʻia nā ʻulaʻula ma ka membrane NC ma muli o ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana o nā nanoparticles gula.Hiki ke hoʻokō ʻia ka ʻike qualitative wikiwiki o SARS-COV-2 ma ka nānā ʻana i nā ʻulaʻula ma ka wahi ʻike.ʻO ka pahu o kēia ʻano hana maʻalahi ke kūʻai ʻia a hoʻohālikelike ʻia, maʻalahi e hana a wikiwiki e pane.He kūpono ia no ka nānā ʻana i ka heluna nui a hoʻohana nui ʻia i ka ʻike ʻana i ka coronavirus novel.

ʻO nā maʻi coronavirus houhe pilikia koʻikoʻi e kū nei i ka honua.ʻO ka maʻi wikiwiki a me ka mālama manawa kūpono ke kī i ka lanakila ʻana i ke kaua.I ke alo o ka ma'i ma'i ki'eki'e a me ka heluna nui o ka po'e i ma'i, he mea nui ka ho'omohala 'ana i nā pahu 'ike pono a me ka wikiwiki.Ua ʻike ʻia ma waena o nā laʻana i hoʻohana maʻamau ʻia, ʻo ka wai alveolar lavage ka helu maikaʻi loa ma waena o nā puʻu pharyngeal, saliva, sputum a me ka wai holoi alveolar.I kēia manawa, ʻo ka hoʻāʻo maʻamau ka lawe ʻana i nā laʻana mai nā poʻe maʻi i manaʻo ʻia me nā puʻu ʻāʻī mai ka pharynx luna, ʻaʻole ka ʻōpū hanu haʻahaʻa, kahi hiki ke komo maʻalahi ka maʻi.Hiki ke ʻike ʻia ka maʻi maʻi i loko o ke koko, ka mimi, a me nā feces, akā ʻaʻole ia ke kahua nui o ka maʻi, no laila he haʻahaʻa ka nui o ka maʻi a ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia i kumu no ka ʻike.Eia kekahi, ʻoiai ʻo ka RNA ʻaʻole paʻa a maʻalahi hoʻi e hoʻohaʻahaʻa, ʻo ka mālama kūpono a me ka unuhi ʻana o nā laʻana ma hope o ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana kekahi mau kumu.

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