1.0ʻO ka wā incubation a me nā hiʻohiʻona lapaʻau
Covid-19ʻO ia ka inoa kūhelu i hāʻawi ʻia e ka World Health Organization i ka maʻi hou e pili ana me ka maʻi ʻeha ʻeha o ka hanu corona-virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).ʻO ka awelika manawa incubation no Covid-19 ma kahi o 4-6 mau lā, a pono
he mau pule e make ai a ola hou paha.Kuhi ʻia nā hōʻailona ma 14 mau lā a ʻoi aku paha, e like meBi Q et al.(nd)ao ana.ʻEhā mau hanana evolutionary o ka umauma CT scans i nā maʻi maʻi Covid-19 mai ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka hōʻailona;mua (0-4 lā), holomua (5-8 lā), kiʻekiʻe (9-13 lā) a me ka absorption (14+ mau lā) (Pan F et al.nd).
ʻO nā hōʻailona nui o nā maʻi covid-19: ke kuni, ka ʻū, ka myalgia a i ʻole ka luhi, expectoration, headache, hemoptysis, diarrhea, pōkole o ka hanu, huikau, ʻeha ʻāʻī, rhinorrhea, ʻeha umauma, maloʻo maloʻo, anorexia, pilikia ka hanu, expectoration, nausea.He koʻikoʻi kēia mau hōʻailona i ka poʻe ʻelemakule a me nā poʻe me nā pilikia olakino e like me ka maʻi diabetes, ka hānō a i ʻole ka maʻi puʻuwai (Viwattanakulvanid, P. 2021).
2.0 Alanui o ka lawe ana
Loaʻa iā Covid-19 ʻelua ala o ka hoʻouna ʻana, pili pololei a pili ʻole.ʻO ka hoʻopili pili pololei ʻana ʻo ia ka laha ʻana o Covid-19 ma ka hoʻopā ʻana i ka waha, ihu a i ʻole nā maka me ka manamana lima haumia.No ka hoʻouna pili ʻole ʻana, e like me nā mea i hoʻohaumia ʻia, nā kulu hanu a me nā maʻi maʻi lele, ʻo ia kekahi ala ʻē aʻe e laha ai ʻo Covid-19.Remuzzi（2020）Ua hōʻoia ka pepa ma ka Lancet i ka hoʻoili ʻana o ke kanaka-i-kanaka i ka maʻi
3.0Kāohi Covid-19
ʻO ka pale ʻana i ka COVID-19 e pili ana i ka hele kino, nā mea pale e like me nā masks, ka holoi lima a me ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ka manawa.
Hoʻokaʻawale kino:ʻO ka mamao o ke kino ma mua o 1 mika mai nā poʻe ʻē aʻe hiki ke hōʻemi i ka pilikia o ka maʻi, a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o kahi mamao o 2 mika.Hoʻopili nui ʻia ka pilikia o ka maʻi Covid-19 me ka mamao mai kahi kanaka maʻi.Inā kokoke loa ʻoe i kahi maʻi maʻi, loaʻa iā ʻoe ka manawa e hanu i nā droplets, me ka maʻi Covid-19 e komo i kou mau māmā.
Pmea palaka:ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea pale e like me N95 masks, surgical masks and goggles e hāʻawi i ka pale i nā kānaka.Pono nā maka lapaʻau no ka pale ʻana i ka haumia i ka wā e ʻū ai ka mea maʻi a i ʻole ʻā.Hiki ke hana ʻia nā masks non-medical i nā lole like ʻole a me nā hui pū ʻana, no laila he mea nui ke koho ʻana i nā masks non-medical.
Ha holoi:Pono nā limahana mālama ola a me ka lehulehu o nā makahiki āpau e hoʻomaʻemaʻe lima.ʻO ka holoi mau ʻana me ke kopa a me ka wai no ka liʻiliʻi he 20 kekona a i ʻole ka mea hoʻomaʻemaʻe lima me ka waiʻona, ʻoi aku ma hope o ka hoʻopā ʻana i kou mau maka, ihu, a me ka waha ma nā wahi lehulehu, ma hope o ka ʻu ʻana a me ke kihe ʻana, a ma mua o ka ʻai ʻana.He mea nui nō hoʻi e pale aku i ka hoʻopā ʻana i ka T-zone o ka maka (maka, ihu, a me ka waha), no ka mea ʻo ia ka wahi e komo ai ka maʻi maʻi i loko o ka ʻōpū hanu luna.Hoʻopā nā lima i nā ʻili he nui, a hiki ke laha nā maʻi ma ko mākou mau lima.Ke hoʻohaumia ʻia, hiki i ka maʻi maʻi ke komo i loko o ke kino ma o ka mucous membrane o ka maka, ka ihu a me ka waha(WHO).
ihohoao ana:Hiki i ka hoʻāʻo ponoʻī ke kōkua i ka poʻe e ʻike i ka maʻi i ka manawa a lawe i ka pane pololei.ʻO ke kumu o ka hoʻāʻo COVID-19 ka ʻike ʻana i ka maʻi Covid-19 ma o ka loaʻa ʻana o nā hōʻike o ka maʻi mai ka ʻōnaehana hanu.Nā hoʻāʻo antigen e ʻimi i nā ʻāpana o nā protein e hana ai i ka maʻi e hoʻomaka ai ka Covid-19 e ʻike inā he maʻi maʻi ke kanaka.E hōʻiliʻili ʻia ka hāpana mai ka ihu a i ʻole ka puʻu.ʻO ka hopena maikaʻi mai kahi hōʻike antigen he pololei loa.Antibody nā hoʻāʻo e ʻimi i nā antibodies i loko o ke koko e kūʻē i ka maʻi e hoʻoholo ai ʻo Covid-19 inā loaʻa nā maʻi i hala, akā ʻaʻole pono e hoʻohana ʻia e ʻike i nā maʻi ikaika.E hōʻiliʻili ʻia kahi laʻana mai ke koko, a e hāʻawi ka hōʻike i nā hopena wikiwiki.ʻIke ka hoʻāʻo i nā antibodies ma mua o nā maʻi virus, no laila hiki i nā lā a i ʻole mau pule no ke kino e hana i nā antibodies e ʻike.
Rʻike:
1.Bi Q, Wu Y, Mei S, Ye C, Zou X, Zhang Z, et al.Epidemiology a me ka hoʻouna ʻana o COVID-19 ma Shenzhen Kina: ka nānā ʻana o 391 mau hihia a me 1,286 o kā lākou pili pili.medRxiv.2020. doi: 10.1101/2020.03.03.20028423.
2.12.Pan F, Ye T, Sun P, Gui S, Liang B, Li L, et al.Hoʻololi ka manawa o ka māmā ma ka umauma CT i ka wā hoʻōla mai ka maʻi coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19).Radiology.2020;295(3): 715-21.doi: 10.1148/radiol.2020200370.
3.Viwattanakulvanid, P. (2021), "He ʻumi i nīnau pinepine ʻia e pili ana iā Covid-19 a me nā haʻawina i aʻo ʻia mai Thailand", Journal of Health Research, Vol.35 Helu 4, pp.329-344.
4.Remuzzi A, Remuzzi G. COVID-19 a me Italia: he aha ka hope?.Lancet.2020;395(10231): 1225-8.doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(20)30627-9.
5.World Health Organisation [WHO].ʻO ka maʻi Coronavirus (COVID-19) ʻōlelo aʻo no ka lehulehu.[i ʻōlelo ʻia ʻo ʻApelila 2022].Loaʻa mai: https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/advice-for-public.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Mei-07-2022